NFA Item Guide
Destructive Devices
The most heavily restricted NFA category. Learn what qualifies as a destructive device and the legalities of ownership.
What is a Destructive Devices (DD)?
A Destructive Device (DD) is defined by the ATF in two ways: (1) any projectile weapon with a bore diameter greater than one-half inch (0.50 caliber), or (2) any type of weapon including bombs, grenades, rockets, missiles, mines, and similar devices containing explosive, incendiary, or poison gas components. Certain large-bore shotguns and sporting firearms are exempt from the DD classification under a "sporting purposes" exemption granted by the ATF.
NFA Classification
Destructive devices are regulated under 26 U.S.C. 5845(f) of the National Firearms Act. They encompass both explosive ordnance and large-bore firearms. The ATF has granted sporting exemptions to many shotguns and other firearms that would otherwise qualify as DDs due to bore size. Each DD requires ATF Form 4 (transfer) or Form 1 (make), a $200 tax stamp, and compliance with all applicable state and federal explosive regulations.
Legal Requirements
- ATF Form 4 (transfer) or Form 1 (manufacture) with $200 tax stamp
- FBI background check on all responsible persons
- Legal in your state — many states ban DDs entirely
- Explosive DDs may require additional ATF explosive licenses and magazine storage
- Must be 21 years old for dealer purchases
- CLEO notification required
- Some DDs require compliance with state explosive storage and transportation laws
Why Use a Trust?
How to Acquire
- 1
Set Up Your Gun Trust
Establish your NFA gun trust. DD ownership requires meticulous record-keeping, which a trust facilitates.
- 2
Verify State Legality
Many states ban destructive devices outright. Confirm your state allows DD ownership before proceeding. Some states allow the firearm type but ban explosive ammunition.
- 3
Find a Licensed Dealer or Manufacturer
DDs are rare in retail. Specialized Class 3 dealers and manufacturers (e.g., LMT for 40mm launchers) handle DD transfers. Some DDs require additional federal explosive licenses.
- 4
Complete ATF Form 4 and Pay $200 Tax
File Form 4 with your trust. For explosive DDs, you may need to file additional ATF paperwork related to explosive storage and magazine requirements.
- 5
Wait for ATF Approval
DD Form 4s follow the same timeline as other NFA items: 4-12 months. Explosive DDs may face additional scrutiny.
- 6
Take Possession and Ensure Storage Compliance
After approval, take possession through your dealer. Explosive DDs require ATF-compliant storage (magazines). Non-explosive DDs (large-bore firearms) follow standard NFA storage practices.
State Legality
Destructive Devices (DD) are legal in 44 of 51 states/territories. Check your state in detail.
Popular Models
- 37mm / 40mm grenade launchers — LMT M203, standalone launchers (37mm flare launchers are NOT DDs)
- Large-bore firearms — .950 JDJ, 20mm Anzio Ironworks
- 12-gauge "Street Sweeper" / Striker — reclassified as DD by ATF
- USAS-12 — semi-auto shotgun classified as DD
- Explosive ordnance — grenades, mines (requires explosive license)
- Anti-tank rifles — PTRS-41, Lahti L-39 (bore exceeds 0.50 cal)
Typical Price Range
$500 - $10,000+ (non-explosive) | Explosive DDs: varies widely
Plus $200 tax stamp ($5 for AOW transfers)
Average Wait Time
4-12 months (Form 4)
ATF processing times vary by volume
Ready to Get Started?
The Liberty Preservation Trust is a comprehensive 50-state NFA gun trust that covers destructive devices (dd) and all other NFA items. Set up your trust today and start the acquisition process.
Disclaimer: This guide is provided for general educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. NFA laws are complex and subject to change at the federal, state, and local level. Gun Trust Experts LLC is not a law firm. Always verify current laws with a licensed attorney in your state before purchasing, possessing, or transferring NFA items. Data reflects known laws as of 2026.